on 2013-08-28

MySQL Monitor

Setting

mysql -u root -h <HOST> -P <PORT> <DATABASE_NAME> -p -A

database

每一個 command 最後都要加 ;

status;
create database database_name;
drop database database_name;
show databases;
show tables;
use database_name;

table

create table table_name(
    column1 type1,
    column2 type2);
create table table_name(
    column1 type1,
    column2 type2) charset=utf8;


desc table_name;
show create table <table_name>

MySQL 8.0 Reference Manual :: 3.3.2 Creating a Table - MySQL

13.1.20 CREATE TABLE Statement - MySQL :: Developer Zone

欄位 1 欄位 2 欄位 3
資料 1 資料 2 資料 3

寫入資料

insert into 資料表名稱 (欄位名稱1,欄位名稱2) value(資料1,資料2);

顯示資料

select 欄位名稱1,欄位名稱2 from 資料表名稱;
select * from <table_name>;
select * from <table_name> limit 5;
select id,create_time from <table_name> limit 5;
select * from <table_name> where id = '123';

刪除該 table 所有的資料

  1. TRUNCATE

auto_increment 的欄位會 reset

truncate table <table_name>;
  1. DELETE
delete from <table_name>;
// or
delete from <table_name> where id<100;

刪除全部資料的效能: TRUNCATE > DELETE

刪除該 table

drop table <table_name>;

MySQL – DELETE, TRUNCATE 及 DROP 的分別

資料型別

顯示欄位型別

show columns from <table>

字串型別

varchar – 最多到 255 字 text 輸入時要加引號 如要輸入 ’\’

日期時間型別

datetime–2011-8-8 00:00:00 date–2011-8-8 year–2011 time–00:00:00

sql TYPE timestamp

// PHP
$timestamp = date("Y-m-d H:i:s");
CREATE TABLE t1 (
  created TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  updated TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
);

11.2.5 Automatic Initialization and Updating for TIMESTAMP and DATETIME

修改欄位名稱

ALTER TABLE <table_name> CHANGE <old> <new> <varchar(255)>;

修改 table 裡 column 的編碼改成 utf8mb4

alter table <table_name> modify <column> varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4

where 多筆資料

SELECT * FROM users where id in (1,2,3,4,5);

dump table

mysqldump -A --ssl-mode=DISABLED -u <user> -p<password> -h <host> <database> <table> | mysql -u root -h <host> -P <post> <database>

必要時需要另外添加參數

--column-statistics=0 --lock-tables=false

Refer - mysqldump — A Database Backup Program

直接把 query 出來的一筆資料新增(複製)

insert into <table> (欄位1, 欄位2, 欄位3) select 欄位1, 欄位2, 欄位3 from <table> where id=10;

找出欄位有重複的值

SELECT <column_name>, COUNT(<column_name>) FROM <table_name> GROUP BY <column_name> HAVING COUNT(<column_name>) > 1;

time zone 相關

確認時區

SELECT @@global.time_zone;

確認當前時間

SELECT NOW();

設定時區

SET GLOBAL time_zone = -6:00;

troubleshooting

On Mac Q:

ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)

A: mysql 沒啟動

mysql.server start

or 設定沒有設定 socket 的路徑

for mac brew 安裝的 mysql 在 /usr/local/var/mysql 所以設定就設定該路徑(底下不必有 mysql.sock)

[client]
socket=/usr/local/var/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
socket=/usr/local/var/mysql/mysql.sock

Reference

Basic MySQL Tutorial